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1 votum
vōtum, i, n. [voveo].A.(Acc. to voveo, I.) A solemn promise made to some deity, a vow (freq. and class.; esp. in plur.):2.qui (deus) numquam nobis occurrit neque in optatis neque in votis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 36:nefaria vota,
id. Clu. 68, 194:nonne animadvertis ex tot tabulis pictis, quam multi votis vim tempestatis effugerint?
id. N. D. 3, 37, 89:voto et promisso teneri,
id. Att. 12, 18, 1:obstrictum esse religione voti,
id. ib. 12, 43, 2:obligari voti sponsione deo,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 41:cum de illo aegroto vota faciebant,
id. Att. 8, 16, 1:vota facere,
id. Fam. 7, 2, 4; id. Mil. 15, 41; id. Tusc. 5, 1, 2 al.:nuncupare,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:suscipere,
id. N. D. 3, 39, 93:concipere,
Ov. M. 7, 594; Liv. 5, 25, 7:debere diis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 123:solvere,
id. Phil. 3, 4, 11:reddere,
id. Leg. 2, 9, 22:Jovi reddere,
Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 46:suscipere et solvere,
Plin. Ep. 10, 35 (44):persolvere,
id. ib. 10, 100 (101):voto se exsolvere,
Petr. 85:exsequi,
Verg. A. 5, 53: voti damnari, i. e. to obtain one's prayer or wish [p. 2015] Liv. 5, 25, 4; 7, 28, 4; 27, 45, 8; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 447 fin.:voti reus,
Verg. A. 5, 237:voti liberari,
Liv. 5, 28, 1.—Transf.a.A thing solemnly promised, that which is vowed or devoted, a volive offering (mostly poet.):b.lustramurque Jovi, votisque incendimus aras,
with burnt-offerings, Verg. A. 3, 279:Danai in voto (i. e. equo Trojano) latent,
Petr. 89; cf.:iste... de bonis illius in aede Veneris argenteum Cupidinem posuit. Sic etiam fortunis hominum abutebatur ad nocturna vota cupiditatum suarum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142.—Vota, a day on which vows were made for the good of the State (post-class.), Capitol. Pert. 6; Vop. Tac. 9; cf. Dig. 50, 16, 233, § 1.—B.Transf.1.(Acc. to voveo, II.) A wish, desire, longing, prayer (perh not ante-Aug.):2.ea esse vota, eam esse voluntatem omnium, ut, etc.,
Liv. 2, 15, 3:ejus me compotem voti facere vos potestis,
id. 7, 40, 6:quoniam res Romana contra spem votaque ejus velut resurgeret,
id. 24, 45, 3; 35, 42, 5:quod omnibus votis petendum erat,
id. 32, 21, 35:magnarum cogitationum,
Petr. 115:audivere di mea vota,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 1:haec loca sunt voto fertiliora tuo,
Ov. A. A. 1, 90; id. Tr. 1, 2, 1:votum in amante novum,
id. M. 3, 468:voti potens,
id. ib. 8, 80:quod omnium sit votum parentum, ut, etc.,
Quint. 11, 1, 82:vota parentium,
id. 1, 2, 25: id enim voto meo sufficit;illud supra votum, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 3:Darius votum meum implevit,
Curt. 4, 13, 24; 4, 13, 8; Sen. Polyb. 10, 6:cunctis super vota fluentibus,
Tac. H. 3, 48; Sen. Ben. 6, 30, 1:votum aliquem confodiendi,
Suet. Aug. 51; cf. id. ib. 58:hoc erat in votis: modus agri non ita magnus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 1:esse in voto,
Pers. 3, 48; cf.:sed hoc votum est et rara felicitas,
is rather a thing to be wished, Quint. 12, 5, 6 Spald.; so, votum est, ut, etc., it is to be wished that, etc., Cels. 6, 6, 1:an venit in votum Attalicis ex urbibus una?
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 5:non sine votis: O rus, quando ego te aspiciam?
id. S. 2, 6, 59. —Of inanimate things:alioquin vota arborum frugumque communia sunt nivis diutinas sedere,
Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—A marriage vow, matrimonial engagement, marriage (post-class.):ad tertia vota migrare,
Cod. Just. 5, 9, 4; 5, 5, 24; 5, 1, 2:nuptualia,
App. M. 4, p. 154, 18; id. Flor. p. 342, 27. -
2 spondeō
spondeō spopondī, spōnsus, ēre [cf. σπένδω], to promise sacredly, warrant, vow, give assurance: promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, etc.: quis est qui spondeat eundum animum postea fore, L.: spondebant animis id (bellum) Cornelium finiturum, i. e. were entirely confident, L.: spondebo enim tibi, vel potius spondeo in meque recipio, eos esse M'. Curi mores: praemia, quae spopondimus: fidem, O.: legionibus agros: non si mihi Iuppiter auctor Spondeat, hoc sperem, V.—In law, to assume an obligation, promise solemnly, bind oneself, undertake: quis spopondisse me dicit? nemo: si quis quod spopondit... si id non facit, condemnatur. —In behalf of another, to engage, vouch, become security, enter bail: pro multis: et se quisque paratum ad spondendum Icilio ostendere, L.: Hic sponsum (me) vocat, H.: Fraudator homines cum advocat sponsum inprobos, Ph.— To make a wager of law, agree to a forfeit on failure to prove an assertion: eum illi iacenti latera tunderentur, ut aliquando spondere se diceret.—In public life, to engage, stipulate, agree, conclude, promise: spoponderunt consules, legati (in concluding peace), L.: quod spondendo pacem servassent exercitum, L.: hosti nihil spopondistis, civem neminem spondere pro vobis iussistis, L.: quid tandem si spopondissemus urbem hanc relicturum populum R.? L.— To promise in marriage, engage, betroth: quae sponsa est mihi, T.—Of things, to promise, forbode: nec quicquam placidum spondentia Sidera, O.: quod prope diem futurum spondet fortuna vestra, L.* * *Ispondere, spepondi, sponsus V INTRANSpromise, give pledge/undertaking/surety; contract to give/take in marriageIIspondere, spopondi, sponsus V INTRANSpromise, give pledge/undertaking/surety; contract to give/take in marriage -
3 spondeo
spondĕo, spŏpondi, sponsum, 2 ( perf. spepondi, Cic., Caes., and Val. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9, 12 sq.; Inscr. Orell. 4358;I.without redup. sponderat,
Tert. Carm. adv. Mart. 3, 135; subj. sponsis = spoponderis, an ancient formula of prayer in Fest. p. 351 Müll.), v. a. [akin with spendô, to pour out, = libare; cf. spondai, league].Jurid. and publicists' t. t.A.In bargains, covenants, treaties, etc., to promise solemnly, to bind, engage, or pledge one's self (class.; syn.: recipio, stipulor, promitto; cf.: vadimonium obire, vadari); according to the civil law in its original form, it was essential to a binding contract verbally made (verbis) that a proposition and its acceptance should be expressed by the question spondes? and the answer spondeo; and only at a later period was the use of promitto, etc., valid (v. Sandars, Introd. ad Just. Inst. p. LV): verbis obligatio fit ex interrogatione et responsione, velut, Dari spondes? Spondeo. Dabis? Dabo. Promittis? Promitto;B.sed haec quidem verborum obligatio: dari spondes? spondeo, propria civium Romanorum est, cetera vero juris gentium sunt,
Gai. Inst. 3, 91 sq.; Dig. 45, 1, 126; 45, 1, 133; cf.the whole title,
ib. 45, 1: De verborum obligationibus: He. Aeternum tibi dapinabo victum, si vera autumas... Er. Sponden' tu istut? He. Spondeo, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 118: qui stulte spondet, Cato ap. Rufin. 18, p. 210:quis stipulatus est? Ubi? Quo die? Quis spopondisse me dicit? Nemo,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 13:ut aliquando spondere se diceret,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142:si quis quod spopondit, quā in re verbo se obligavit uno, si id non facit, etc.,
id. Caecin. 3, 7:faeneris, quod stipulanti spoponderam tibi, reliquam pensiunculam percipe,
Col. 10 praef.:ego meā fide spondeo futurum ut omnia invenias, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 10.—To promise for another, to become security for a person, to enter bail, etc.:2.quod multis benigne fecerit, pro multis spoponderit,
has become security, Cic. Planc. 19, 47:sed tamen scire velim quando dicar spopondisse et pro patre anne pro filio,
id. Att. 12, 14, 2:quod pro Cornificio me abhinc annis XXV. spopondisse dicit Flavius,
id. ib. 12, 17:et se quisque paratum ad spondendum Icilio ostendere,
Liv. 3, 46, 7:sponsum diceres advocasse, Cic. Fragm. Clod. et Cur. 3, 4, p. 29 B. and K.: hic sponsum vocat,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 67:sponsum descendam, quia promisi,
Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2. —Transf., of promises or pledges made in behalf of a government, etc.:C.non foedere pax Caudina, sed per sponsionem facta est... Spoponderunt consules, legati, quaestores, tribuni militum,
Liv. 9, 5, 4:quod spondendo pacem servassent exercitum,
id. 9, 8, 15:quid tandem si spopondissemus urbem hanc relicturum populum Romanum?
id. 9, 9, 6:ea demum sponsio esset, quam populi jussu spopondissemus,
id. 9, 9, 13:hosti nihil spopondistis, civem neminem spondere pro vobis jussistis,
id. 9, 9, 16.—Esp., to promise or engage in marriage, betroth: qui uxorem ducturus erat ab eo unde ducenda erat, stipulabatur eam in matrimonium ductam iri; [p. 1746] qui daturus erat itidem spondebat. Tum quae promissa erat sponsa appellabatur, qui spoponderat ducturum, sponsus, Sulp. Dot. ap. Gell. 4, 4, 2: Ly. Istac lege filiam tuam sponden' mihi uxorem dari? Ch. Spondeo. Ca. Et ego spondeo idem hoc, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 38 sq.; 2, 4, 172: Me. Etiam mihi despondes filiam? Eu. Illis legibus, Cum illā dote quam tibi dixi. Me. Sponden' ergo? Eu. Spondeo, id. Aul. 2, 2, 78: Ph. Spondesne, miles, mi hanc uxorem? Th. Spondeo. Ph. Et ego huic victum spondeo, id. Curc. 5, 2, 73 sq.: sponden tu ergo tuam gnatam uxorem mihi? Ch. Spondeo et mille auri Philippum dotis, id. Trin. 5, 2, 34.—Hence, of women, alicui sponsam esse, to be betrothed, engaged to a man:D.si volt Demipho Dare quantum ab hac accipio, quae sponsa est mihi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 52:scis, sponsam mihi (esse)?
id. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 6; Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 101 sq.; 2, 4, 172; 2, 4, 174; id. Poen. 5, 3, 43.—= sponsionem facere (v. sponsio, II.), to lay a judicial wager, to enter into an agreement to pay contingent on the truth or falsity of an assertion: si hoc ita est, qui spondet mille nummūm? P. Afric. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 11, 9.— So, absol.:II. 1.cum illi jacenti latera tunderentur, ut aliquando spondere se diceret,
should declare that he made the required wager, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (cf. sponsum, P. a. fin. infra); Dig. 11, 5, 3.—With fut. inf.:2.promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, qualis hodie sit,
Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51:ut (eum) inimicissimum huic conjurationi futurum esse, promittam et spondeam,
id. Mur. 41, 90:et ipse spondeo et omnes hoc tibi tui pro me recipient, te fructum esse capturum, etc.,
id. Fam. 13, 50, 2:quis est qui spondeat eundum, si differtur bellum, animum postea fore,
Liv. 5, 5, 9:quae si perpetua concordia sit, quis non spondere ausit, maximum hoc imperium brevi futurum esse?
id. 5, 3, 10:spondebant animis id (bellum) P. Cornelium finiturum,
with full conviction, id. 28, 38, 9; cf. id. 3, 59, 3:sponde affore reges,
Val. Fl. 3, 504.—With inf. pres., to warrant, give assurance of an existing fact:3.spondebo enim tibi, vel potius spondeo in meque recipio, eos esse M'. Curii mores,
Cic. Fam. 13, 17, 2.—With acc. of thing (and often dat. pers.):4.quibus cum consulem suum reliquissent, honores et praemia spopondistis,
Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 28: mihi sex menses sati' sunt vitae, septimum Orco spondeo, Poët. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 22: ea spondent, confirmant, quae, quidem mihi exploratiora essent, si remansissem, Cic Att. 11, 6, 3:quod ego non modo de me tibi spondere possum, sed de te etiam mihi,
id. Fam. 15, 21, 1:ac de infante (Tiberio) Scribonius mathematicus praeclara spopondit,
Suet. Tib. 14:tantum sibi vel de viribus suis, vel de fortunā spondentes,
Just. 3, 4, 1; Amm. 24, 1, 8:illius et dites monitis spondentibus Indi,
Val. Fl. 6, 117:non si mihi Juppiter auctor Spondeat, hoc sperem Italiam contingere caelo,
Verg. A. 5, 18:spondere fidem,
Ov. M. 10, 395:officium Amori,
id. ib. 10, 418.—Transf., of inanim. or abstract subjects (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):A.nec quicquam placidum spondentia Martis Sidera presserunt,
Ov. Ib. 217:quod prope diem futurum spondet et virtus et fortuna vestra,
Liv. 7, 30, 8:eorum hominum erat, qui, quantum spes spopondisset, cuperent, ni, etc.,
id. 45, 19, 7:magna de illo (Philippo) spes fuit propter ipsius ingenium, quod magnum spondebat virum,
Just. 7, 6, 1.— Hence, sponsus, a, um, P. a., promised, engaged, betrothed, affianced; substt,sponsus, i, m., a betrothed man, a bridegroom: virgo Sponso superba, Titin. ap. Non. 305, 5:B.accede ad sponsum audacter,
id. ib. 227, 15; Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 78:sponsus regius,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 10.— Poet., of Penelope's suitors, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 28.—spon-sa, ae, f., a betrothed woman, a bride:C.scio equidem, sponsam tibi esse et filium ex sponsā tuā,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 12; Ter. And. 2, 1, 24:flebilis sponsa,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 21 et saep.—Prov.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam, i. e. every one to his taste, Atil. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3.—sponsum, i, n., a covenant, agreement, engagement: sponsum negare, to break or disown one's pledge, Hor. S. 1, 3, 95:(β).sponsus contra sponsum rogatus,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 107 Müll.—Esp., a judicial wager (cf. sponsio, II.):ex sponso egit,
Cic. Quint. 9, 32.
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